The Art of Ancient Egypt was a nation creation that were one of the oldest cultures of mankind, and for several millenniums, has played a main role in the history of the Mediterranean, eastern Africa and Asia. Their art was the most advanced and most perfect of the arts of different peoples of the Ancient East. Egyptian has created the world’s first monumental stone architecture, it is remarkable truthful realistic sculptural portrait, magnificent art handicraft products. Egyptian art was new and big step forward since prehistoric art. Among its many accomplishments the main was image of a person with much more realistic degree of specificity than it was in the art of the previous historical phases. Egyptian art was the first that portrayed man in relation to other people. It is generally agreed that Egyptians have invented methods of visual story, build on a strictly-planned action. Finally, Egyptian art has opened up and approved the interest in individuality, not once, during its long history, creating images full of deep significance.

The historical development conditions of Egyptian culture led to the resignation and a very long persistence of certain features of Egyptian art. From the beginning of formation of class relationship, it has become a powerful means of influence on the conscience of the masses in order to strengthen the power and exaltation of Pharaoh and the top of the slave society.

Overall slowness of development of Egyptian culture was caused by the stagnant nature of ancient societies. Pressing despotic power of the pharaoh generated ancient conservative farming community, exclude the notion of freedom of the individuality. Long-term preservation of godlike religious explanations of the world prevented man thought go beyond their limits. I read a lot about the culture of Egypt, but has not been there it could all understand (need a egypt visa).

In Egypt did not happen and could not happen extensive development of the materialistic views and realistic ideology of the world has never been a foundation of philosophical outlook, although in some historical moments, however there were doubts about the correctness of sacerdotal teachings and even about the existence of gods. Naturally, under these conditions in Egypt, there was no ground for the development of realistic art to such an extent as it was in later Greece. Therefore, K. Marx, said that ╚a prerequisite for Greek art is Greek mythology, so the nature and forms of public has already processed unconsciously artistic way of folk-whimsy╩, - added: ╚not all mythology, it means not all unconsciously -art processing of nature … Egyptian mythology could never be the ground or mother bosom for Greek art ╩(K. Marx. The Critique of Political Economy, 1953, p. 225.).

Even the Greeks and Romans paid attention to one of the most salient features of Egyptian art: long-term adherence to accepted in ancient times samples. The reason for this was that the religious attitudes, emerged along with the folded class slave society, attributed the sacred meaning of the artistic image of the first, ancient Egyptian art, were almost entirely religious. Since throughout the subsequent history of the Ancient Egyptian monuments of art in its vast majority also had religious and religious purpose, the creators of these monuments have been obliged to follow the established rules.

Therefore, in slave-based system of Egypt art remained a number of conditions, often dating back more to the arts of preclass and set aside for the samples, that then become canonical. These remnants include a picture of, actually invisible for the artist or viewer, but whose presence in a particular location of the scene is well-known ( fish, crocodiles and hippopotamus under water), the image of the subject with the help of the schematic listing of its parts (the foliage of trees in the form of conditionally set of leaves or feathers of birds in separate pens), the combination of the same scene at different points of view of different parts of the image of this scene, or different parts of the figure (for example, the bird depicted in profile, and the tail on top, in profile images of cattle, horns are in front, with human figures - the head in profile, eyes in front, shoulders and hands in front, legs in profile). Remnant of the arts and religious representations of preclass society was the preservation of Egyptian art belief in the magical link images from those shows. A number of artistic principles that have emerged and established in Egypt early preclass society, in turn, have become canonical in subsequent periods.

Creation of canons meant giving up a strict and developed system of artistic views.

Ancient Egypt

The need to follow the rules led to the creation of written guidelines for the artists. Although they did not come to our time, we know of the existence of ╚Requirements for wall painting and a canon of proportions╩, mention of which is in the list of library books in the temple of Elfu, as well as the availability of similar guides for the sculptors. Compliance with the rules led to the technical features of the Egyptian masters, early applied grid for precise shift in the wall of the desired sample. There are wooden planks on which painted drawings of individual figures, which are respectively carried on by artists on marked larger cells of the walls. Traces of such nets on the walls are also preserved. It is been established that the ancient kingdom facing a human figure divided into six cells, in the Middle and New kingdom - eight in Sayssk time - at twenty-six, with a strictly defined number of cells devoted to each body part. Corresponding to canonical models existed the pieces of animals, birds, etc.

However, the canons at the same time, constrain creativity of artists and, later, had only played a conservative, inhibiting role, preventing the development of realistic tendencies.

But you should not think that Egyptian art was fully shackled by canons during its centuries of existence, or that the identity of the Egyptian artist did not play any role in the development of the arts. Egyptian art, and art of every nation, developed and vary depending on the specific historical conditions, reflecting the new demands in connection with these changes, and the struggle of various social strata, and the importance that have local art schools and individual craftsmen , which managed to show their creative force, even within the canonical framework. Monuments saved for us a lot of creative names of Egyptian art. Of the most outstanding masters of autobiography shows that they are aware of their importance in the development of art in their country. Thus, in the caption of a famous architect of 16. BC In?n?, engraved on his command in Karnak`s temple, we read: ╚The fact that I was born to create was great … I was looking for posterity, it was the mastery of my heart … I will praise for my knowledge in the years to come those who will follow what I have committed ╩.

While Egyptian art emerged in the first class-divided society in the history of mankind and reflects the prevailing ideas of rule class, it is constantly affecting people’s mythology, created by the people of poetry and artistic images, realistic trend of Egyptian art, expressed in interest in living humans, and a detailed picture of life and the Egyptian people is determined by that features the arts, have deep popular base and therefore bear significant fruit especially in periods when increased public role of the masses.